冰盖在地球气候系统演化中占据核心地位，其反照率、地形起伏和质量变化都会深刻影响全球与区域的气候格局。 在地球历史中，冰盖多次扩张与退缩，并伴随海平面、高纬海洋环流、季风系统以及全球温度场发生剧烈变化。 重新刻画与理解这段波澜壮阔的古气候史，是一个充满挑战且极具吸引力的科学问题。 如今，人类再次面对快速变暖时代，格陵兰和南极冰盖未来的融化将对全球产生怎样的长远影响？ 回答这些问题，我们需要系统研究冰盖的气候效应与反馈过程，并借助数学与物理方法定量刻画其在地球系统中的作用机制。
冰盖是面积超过 5 万平方千米、可长期存在于陆地上的大型冰川体，现今主要包括格陵兰和南极冰盖，储存了地球超过70%的淡水。 虽然外观坚硬，但冰盖本质上是缓慢流动的黏性流体，其演化可由流体力学方程描述。 通过合理近似与适当的参数化方法，我们能够利用数值模型重建冰盖的运动与变化，以解释观测中冰盖的演变。 然而，如何选择最合适的近似？如何构建可靠的参数化方案？如何设计并耦合大气与海洋过程的边界条件（如表面和底部质量平衡）？ 这些都是当前冰盖数值模拟的重要科学问题，我们需要持续探索与改进。
虽然现代仅剩格陵兰和南极两大冰盖，但在第四纪，多个冰盖曾在北半球不断生灭，并深刻影响全球气候。 地质记录为我们提供了洞察古气候变化的线索，但仍存在许多未解之谜，例如冰盖演化机制及其与冰期—间冰期周期的关系。 为更好地理解这些问题，我们开发了第四纪古气候数值模拟框架 GREB-ISM， 用于探究冰盖动力学与气候系统的多尺度耦合，揭示冰盖反馈过程在全球演变中的关键作用。 我们未来如何改进GREB-ISM的模拟结果，如何通过它的模拟讨论冰盖和全球气候的相互作用，是一个重要的研究方向。
气候科学中许多经典统计方法存在可靠性不足、对大数据利用有限等问题。 随着现代应用数学的快速发展，诸多先进工具（如最优传输理论）已在其他领域展现强大能力，但在气候研究中应用仍然不足。 如何跨越气象学与数学的范式差异，将严谨、创新的数学方法引入气候科学，是一个有趣而且充满挑战的方向。 我与合作者们致力于 Wasserstein 距离在气象与气候数据中的应用，期望促进跨学科融合，为更多数学方法在气候科学中的应用提供新的思路。
Published in Renewable Energy, 2025
Recommended citation: Tian, Q., Li, J., Xie, Z.*, Li, P., Wang, Y., Chen, D., & Zheng, Y. (2024). A novel metric for quantifying solar irradiance stability: Mapping solar irradiance variability to photovoltaic power generation. Renewable Energy, 122035.
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Published in Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 2024
Recommended citation: Xie, Z., D. W. Chen*, and P. X. Li (2024)*. Discovering climate change during the early 21st century via Wasserstein stability analysis. Advances in Atmospheric Sciences, 41(9), 1−9.
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Published in Journal of Climate, 2024
Recommended citation: Ding, H., Dong, L., Liu, K., Lin, T., Xie, Z., Zhang, B., & Wang, X. (2024). Impacts of Greenland Ice Sheet on Blocking in Idealized Simulations. Journal of Climate, 37(19), 4961–4987.
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Published in Geophysical Research Letters, 2023
Recommended citation: Xie, Z., Dong, L.*, and Liu, K. (2023). The Role of Wet Processes in Extratropical Thermal Stratification During the Glacial Period. Geophysical Research Letters, 50, 1–9.
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Published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2023
Recommended citation: Xie, Z., Dong, L.*, and Liu, K. (2023). Mechanisms Associated With Tropospheric Dry Static Stability Change During the Last Glacial Maximum. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 128, 1–15.
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Published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2023
Recommended citation: Zhang, B., Dong, L.*, Ding, H., and Xie, Z. (2023). ENSO-Related Southern Hemisphere Blocking Dynamics. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 128, 1–17.
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Published in Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 2022
Recommended citation: Zhao, Y., Sun, R., Xie, Z.*, and Duan, A. (2022). Upper‐troposphere saddle‐like response to springtime surface sensible heating over the Tibetan Plateau: combined effect from baroclinic and barotropic process. Journal of Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, 127, 1–18.
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Published in Geoscientific Model Development, 2022
Recommended citation: Xie, Z.*, Dommenget, D., McCormack, F. S., and Mackintosh, A. N. (2022). GREB-ISM v1.0: A coupled ice sheet model for the Globally Resolved Energy Balance model for global simulations on timescales of 100 kyr. Geoscientific Model Development, 15, 3691–3719.
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Published in Geoscientific Model Development, 2020
Recommended citation: Nicholls, R. J. Z., Meinshausen, M., Lewis, J., Gieseke, R., Dommenget, D., Dorheim, K., ... Xie, Z. (2020). Reduced Complexity Model Intercomparison Project Phase 1: Introduction and evaluation of global-mean temperature response. Geoscientific Model Development, 13(11), 5175–5190.
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Published in Journal of Climate, 2019
Recommended citation: Sun, R., Duan, A., Chen, L., Li, Y., Xie, Z., and Zhao, Y. (2019). Interannual variability of the North Pacific mixed layer associated with the spring Tibetan Plateau thermal forcing. Journal of Climate, 32, 3109–3130.
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Published in Atmospheric Science Letters, 2017
Recommended citation: Xie, Z.*, Duan, A., and Tian, Q. (2017). Weighted composite analysis and its application: an example using ENSO and geopotential height. Atmospheric Science Letters, 18, 435–440.
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Published in 大气科学, 2017
Recommended citation: 谢志昂*, 段安民 (2017). 盛夏青藏高原热源与菲律宾海对流活动的联系[J]. 大气科学, 41(4), 811–830.
Published in Journal of Climate, 2017
Recommended citation: Yang, R., Xie, Z., and Cao, J.* (2017). A dynamic index for the westward ridge point variability of the Western Pacific subtropical high during summer. Journal of Climate, 30, 3325–3341.
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Published in 云南地理环境研究, 2013
Recommended citation: 谢志昂, 朱欢欢, 林茂军, 曹杰* (2013). 云南省秋季降水时空分布规律[J]. 云南地理环境研究, 25(2), 106–110.